Relationship between Squat and Bench Press Strength and Racquet Head Velocity in Male Tennis Players

Racquet head velocity is one factor commonly associated with tennis performance. The ability to generate racquet head velocity involves proper sequencing of the kinetic chain and optimal use of muscle strength. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between measures of maximal strength (1RM squat and 1RM bench press) and tennis racquet head velocity. METHODS: Twenty-six male, college-aged tennis players, playing experience = (8 ± 4 years) were grouped according to their experience (Beginner (2-5 years), n = 10; Intermediate (6-11 years), n = 9; Advanced (12+ years), n = 8). They were tested for 1RM squat, 1RM bench press, and vertical jump height. Racquet velocities, on serves only, were measured on court using a tri-axial accelerometer. RESULTS: Racquet head velocity for the advanced players was similar to the intermediates and beginners (Beginner: 13.85 ± 1.09 ms-1; Intermediate: 14.5 ± 2.19 ms-1; Advanced: 14.74 ± 1.76 ms-1). The rate of change of racquet acceleration was higher in advanced players compared to intermediates or beginners (Beginner: 1248.76 ± 228.73 ms-3; Intermediate: 1199.2 ± 215.13 ms-3; Advanced: 1539.39 ± 213.12 ms-3). CONCLUSIONS: Racquet head velocities between male tennis players at the amateur level are similar. Advanced players may exhibit higher rates of acceleration of the racquet, possibly as a product of better kinetic chain sequencing.