Macronutrients and Waist Circumference Compared to Hip Circumference

Introduction: A large waist circumference (WC) has more detrimental health outcomes than a large hip circumference (HC). Macronutrient calorie distribution affects the health of individuals. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the sources and quantity of macronutrients affect WC and HC. Methods: Participants (N=11,343) were from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Community Study. Change scores were created for anthropometrics between visits. Macronutrient intakes were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire at the first visit. Linear regressions were performed with quartiles of dietary components on change scores for WC and HC with controlling factors. Subgroup analysis was performed by gender. Results: WC decreased in higher quartiles of intakes of total carbohydrates, dietary fiber and sucrose (p<0.005). WC increased in higher quartiles of fructose, total protein, animal protein and alcohol (p<0.02). Higher quartiles of intakes of total carbohydrate, sucrose, fructose, animal protein and vegetable fat decreased HC (p<0.05). Higher quartiles of animal fat, total fat and total protein increased HC (p<0.05). Gender’s WC and HC were affected differently based on macronutrient quantity and source. Conclusion: Macronutrients based on quality and quantity, play a significant role in the adiposity of individuals and may affect WC and HC.